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MMM 2023 concurrent paper session
University of Connecticut | 26–28 June 2023

Title: Difference in differences: A methodological illustration
Presenter: Meghan Cain, Senior Statistician, Communications, StataCorp
Date: Wednesday, 28 June 2023
Time: 8:00–9:00 a.m.
Description: Difference in differences (DID) is one of the most venerable causal inference methods used by researchers. DID estimates the average treatment effect on the treated group (ATET). This methodological illustration will cover the following topics:
  • Theory
    • Intuition for estimating treatment-effects
    • Study design and data characteristics
    • The model formulation
    • Standard error considerations
  • Estimation and interpretation
    • The didregress command for repeated cross-sectional data
    • The xtdidregress command for panel data
    • Interpreting ATETs
  • Diagnostics
    • Parallel-trends and time-specific treatment-effects graphical diagnostics
    • Granger-type and parallel-trends tests
  • Robust methods
    • Wild bootstrap p-values and confidence intervals
    • Bias-corrected standard errors using the Bell–McCaffrey degrees-of-freedom adjustment
    • ATET estimates and standard errors using the Donald–Lang method
Demonstrations will use Stata; however, the knowledge gained in this illustration can be applied to any software.

Meghan Cain

Meghan Cain portrait

Meghan Cain is the Assistant Director, Educational Services at StataCorp LLC. She earned her PhD in quantitative psychology from the University of Notre Dame, where her research focused on structural equation modeling, multilevel modeling, and Bayesian statistics. At Stata, she oversees the development of statistical trainings and webinars, creates videos for the Stata YouTube channel, and reviews Stata Press books.