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st: Generating a bounded AR(1) series for Monte-Carlo Simulation


From   Paddy Carter <Paddy.Carter@bristol.ac.uk>
To   statalist@hsphsun2.harvard.edu
Subject   st: Generating a bounded AR(1) series for Monte-Carlo Simulation
Date   Sat, 11 Jul 2009 14:02:56 +0100

Dear Statalisters

I have a puzzle, concerning a section of a program intended to generate an AR(1) series for `aid' that is bounded between 0 and 0.3
Prior to this section of the program, I have already generated countries, 
time (and xtset the data) and a variable `aid' consisting of random draws 
from a uniform distribution on [0,0.3]  - all but the first observation of 
which for each country, I wish to replace, using the following code:
if year>1 {
        if  L.aid<0  {
           replace aid=const+`rho'*L.aid+rnormal(0.1,0.01)
                   }
        else if L.aid>0.3 {
           replace aid=const+`rho'*L.aid+rnormal(-0.1,0.01)
                   }
        else {	
	    replace aid=const+`rho'*L.aid+(rnormal()/100)
                   }

           }

I expect this code to do the following: whenever aid wanders beyond the bounds 0 and 0.3, the shock in the next period is set to bounce it away from these bounds. Hence I would expect to see observations of aid that do stray beyond 0 and 0.3 but which bounce back in the subsequent period. My puzzle is that when I run this code with large T, the aid series never strays beyond bounds. By my understanding, that shouldn't be happening.
I would actually like to write a program such that aid never strays beyond 
bounds, but I didn't know how to; I appear to have done so inadvertently, 
but the fact I don't understand what it's doing makes me fear I've gone 
totally wrong.
I apologise if I'm missing something obvious; this is my first ever attempt 
at programming.
This is on Stata/IC 10.1 for Windows

----------------------
Paddy Carter
Department of Economics
University of Bristol
paddy.carter@bristol.ac.uk
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