Thanks to Friedrich for his comments. 
Fortunately, I see no real problems here. 
The key to understanding -separate()- is laid out tersely in the help: 
"separate() indicates that observations are to be subdivided into
classes according to a
        specified variable. A legend will be shown if and only if more
than one class is so
        defined. Each class is plotted as if it defined a single
variable."
Note that last sentence. 
To back up slightly, the one simple idea about -triplot- is that you
feed it 
triplot p q r 
and it does some school student algebra (or trigonometry) to convert to
that to a
scatter y x 
together with extra bits and pieces that are of considerable cosmetic
importance, but are nevertheless secondary to the logic. 
If you say -separate()-, -triplot- converts that (in your example) to a
scatter y1 y2 x 
using no more than (surprise) the -separate- command. So you need to
spell out 
scatter y1 y2 x, c(l l) mcolor(pink blue) 
or more precisely, 
triplot p q r x, c(l l) mcolor(pink blue)
or whatever. Each class becomes a separate variable, and you apply
standard -twoway- syntax to get the desired result. 
As for the -legend()-, -triplot- doesn't try to be smart about the
legend but it does not have to be because you maintain full control of
it. The default is indeed likely to be lousy. A better default would be 
legend(ring(0) pos(1) col(1)) 
and perhaps I should wire that in. (Note the -legend()- pops up
spontaneously only if -separate()- is issued, as indicated in the help.)
If you are following along, you'll see that the way to get -triplot- to
superimpose multiple sets of triangular coordinates is to -stack- or
-reshape- to a long data structure with a grouping variable. 
Friedrich's questions have given me ideas for small improvements to your
code and help. 
Nick 
[email protected] 
Friedrich Huebler
To clarify my question, I would like to have separate lines, one line
for each country.
Friedrich
On Thu, Feb 5, 2009 at 4:54 PM, Friedrich Huebler <[email protected]>
wrote:
> Nick Cox recently announced an updated version of his -triplot-
> package, available from SSC. I encountered some problems with the
> program.
>
> I am trying to generate a graph similar to Figure 15 in Cox (2004),
> but with data from two countries. I would like to connect the data
> points for each country but when I draw the graph with the options
> c(l) and separate(country), only the points from the first country are
> connected. Is it possible to connect the points from the second
> country, too? Can the appearance of the markers for the second country
> be changed? Options like mcolor() only affect the markers for the
> first country.
>
> There is also a problem with the legend. At the default position below
> the graph, the legend partly covers the label for the lower side of
> the triangle.
>
> Friedrich
>
> Reference: Cox, Nicholas J. 2004. Speaking Stata: Graphing categorical
> and compositional data. Stata Journal 4, no. 2: 190-215.
> http://www.stata-journal.com/article.html?article=gr0004
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