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R: st: Interpretation of regressionmodel of ln-transformed variable


From   "Carlo Lazzaro" <[email protected]>
To   <[email protected]>
Subject   R: st: Interpretation of regressionmodel of ln-transformed variable
Date   Wed, 5 Nov 2008 11:28:57 +0100

Dear Roland, 
in addition to Maarten's wise insight, I was wondering whether, in order to
dealing with the skewed sampling distribution of LOS,  bootstrapping your
raw data without log-transforming may be a good way to go (please, see for
instance Glick HA, Doshi JA, Sonnad SS Polsky D. Economic Evaluation of
Clinical Trials. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007: 89-113).

I tried to replicate an abridged version of your problem (no drugs and/or
interaction among variables allowed) first performing a multiple linear
regression on the raw data and then replicating OLS on bootstrapped data
(10,000 random samples for each variables). Both attempts did not reach
statistical significance.

. regress LOS age surgery

      Source |       SS       df       MS              Number of obs =
10
-------------+------------------------------           F(  2,     7) =
2.39
       Model |  2.79848368     2  1.39924184           Prob > F      =
0.1619
    Residual |  4.10151632     7  .585930904           R-squared     =
0.4056
-------------+------------------------------           Adj R-squared =
0.2357
       Total |         6.9     9  .766666667           Root MSE      =
.76546

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
         LOS |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf.
Interval]
-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------
--
         age |  -.0126865   .0177748    -0.71   0.498    -.0547173
.0293443
     surgery |   1.035422   .4866573     2.13   0.071    -.1153401
2.186183
       _cons |   4.697851   .5397554     8.70   0.000     3.421532
5.974169
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
reg  boot_los  boot_surgery boot_age

      Source |       SS       df       MS              Number of obs =
10000
-------------+------------------------------           F(  2,  9997) =
0.51
       Model |  .070269293     2  .035134647           Prob > F      =
0.5984
    Residual |  683.931319  9997  .068413656           R-squared     =
0.0001
-------------+------------------------------           Adj R-squared =
-0.0001
       Total |  684.001589  9999     .068407           Root MSE      =
.26156

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
    boot_los |      Coef.   Std. Err.      t    P>|t|     [95% Conf.
Interval]
-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------
--
boot_surgery |  -.0053317   .0165804    -0.32   0.748    -.0378326
.0271692
    boot_age |  -.0005713    .000594    -0.96   0.336    -.0017356
.0005931
       _cons |   4.914887   .0171246   287.01   0.000     4.881319
4.948455
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--

HTH and Kind Regards,
Carlo

-----Messaggio originale-----
Da: [email protected]
[mailto:[email protected]] Per conto di Maarten buis
Inviato: mercoledì 5 novembre 2008 10.49
A: [email protected]
Oggetto: Re: st: Interpretation of regressionmodel of ln-transformed
variable

--- roland andersson <[email protected]> wrote:
> It is also difficult to imaging that there should be censoring
> for conditions that normally need 1 to 7 days of hospital visit.

Ok, sounds reasonable.
 
> Following your example I have made this model
> 
> xi:regress lnLOS  lapscopic i.appdgn age agesq cons, eform("exp(b)")
> nocons
> 
> and get this result
> 						
> lnLOS       	exp(b)	    [95% Conf.  Interval]
> lapscopic  	1.018056    1.004532	1.031762
> _Iappdgn2_1	1.850726    1.824841	1.876978
> _Iappdgn2_3	1.174283    1.147247	1.201956
> age           .9852508    .9841405	.9863623
> agesq	        1.000275    1.000261	1.000289
> cons	        2.208685    2.168225	2.2499
> 
> I now understand that the exp(b) is a multiplicator, ie that open
> appendectomy has a geometric mean LOS of 2.21 days whereas
> laparoscopic patients have 1.02*2.21=2.25 days or 0.04 days longer
> geometric mean LOS. Is it correct to recalculate the CI of this
> difference as 2.21-1.0045*2.21=0.01 and 2.21-1.032*2.21=0.07?

In that case I would use -adjust- and -nlcom- like in the example
below:

*--------------- begin example --------------------------
sysuse cancer, clear
gen ln_t = ln(studytime)
gen cons = 1
xi: reg ln_t i.drug age cons, nocons eform("exp(b)")

adjust _Idrug_3=0 age, by(_Idrug_2) exp ci
sum age if e(sample)
nlcom exp((_b[cons] + _b[age]*`r(mean)')+ _b[_Idrug_2]) -  ///
      exp((_b[cons] + _b[age]*`r(mean)'))
*---------------- end example ---------------------------

Notice that the difference in LOS now depends on the values of the
other explanatory variables. These other variables define the baseline
LOS (in your case the LOS for someone who received an open
appendectomy). So if you haven't mean centered age, then the difference
in geometric mean LOS you reported applies to newly born babies. You
can report the difference in geometric mean LOS for someone of average
age either by first mean centering age (subtract the mean age from the
variable age as I did in the example in my previous post), or take mean
age into account like in the example above.

Hope this helps,
Maarten

-----------------------------------------
Maarten L. Buis
Department of Social Research Methodology
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Boelelaan 1081
1081 HV Amsterdam
The Netherlands

visiting address:
Buitenveldertselaan 3 (Metropolitan), room N515

+31 20 5986715

http://home.fsw.vu.nl/m.buis/
-----------------------------------------


      
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