*! Calculates life tables and related graphs: v1.00 August 2000  (STB-59: ssa14)
*! This program is no more than a sub-routine called by lifetabl.ado 
*! whenever it is necessary to analyse multiple causes of death.
*! Author: C.Ramalheira, cramal@ci.uc.pt
*!         Coimbra Faculty of Medicine & University Hospital

cap program drop lifetabs
program define lifetabs, nclass
	version 6.0
	syntax [varlist] [if] [in] , Strata(varname) [ Rates(varname) Multip(string) /*
			*/ Keep Deaths(varname) Pop(varname) BY(varname) RADIX(int 100000) /*
			*/ Weights(numlist min=1 max=4 >0 <1) Label(varname) NOT SAVing(string) /*
			*/ NYears(varname) GE GP GS GH GSC GRPHS SClist(varlist min=1 max=20) REPLACE /*
			*/ LOGrate NOO ALLRx SCOnly PYLL(numlist >20 <=100 max=1) ALLSCT   /*
			*/ LEVel(numlist >20 <=100 max=1) CI NOYLL * ]

	tokenize "`varlist'"
	if "$warn"=="" {
		lifetabl `0'
		exit
		}
	tempvar touse
	mark `touse' `if' `in'
	set display line 100

	if "`level'"=="" { local level = "95" }
	if "`level'"~="" { global D_level = "`level'" }
	local zscore = -invnorm( (1-($D_level/100))/2 )

	local nrows = "$nrows"
	local noYLL = "$noYLL"
	local max = "$max"
	local factor = "$factor"
	local yearmsg = "$yearmsg"
	if "`label'"=="" { local label = "$lbl" }
	local lab = "$lab"
	local fake = "$fake"
	if "`gsc'"=="" { local gsc = "$gsc" }
	if "`pyll'"=="" { local pyll = "65" }
	if "`pyll'"~="" { local pyll = round(`pyll',1) }
	local WW = "$WW"
	local w1 = "$w1"
	local w2 = "$w2"
	local w3 = "$w3"
	local w4 = "$w4"
	local A = "`strata'"

	if "`label'"~="" { 
		tempvar Labv
		qui ge str7 `Labv' = substr(`label',1,7)
		qui label var `Labv' "`label'"
		local labv : variable label `Labv'
		}
	if "`nyears'"=="" { 
		tempvar nyears
		qui ge `nyears' = 1
		local nyears = "`nyears'"
		}

	if "`pop'" ~= "" { local P = "`pop'" }
	if "`deaths'" ~= "" { 
		local D = "`deaths'" 
		}
	if "`deaths'" == "" & "`allrx'"=="" {  
		tempvar Dx
		qui egen `Dx' = rsum(`sclist')
		label var `Dx' "Deaths: pop=sum(sclist)"
		local D = "`Dx'"
		}
	if "`rates'" ~= "" { local R = "`rates'" }
	if "`rates'" == "" { local R = "_Rx" }


	local numvars : word count `sclist'
	if `numvars'==1 {
		local sclist = "`sclist' " + "_OtherSC"
		}
	local numvars : word count `sclist'
	tokenize "`sclist'", parse(" ")
	local t 1
	while `t'<=`numvars' {
		local var`t' = "``t''"
		tempvar _Dx`t' _qx`t' _dx`t' _Dxd`t' Wx`t' Fx`t'
		if "`allrx'"~="" {
			if "`pop'" ~= "" { 
				qui ge `_Dx`t'' = ((`var`t''*$factor)/100000)*`pop'
				if `t'==1 { 
					tempvar Dx
					qui ge `Dx' = (_Rx/100000)*`pop'
					label var `Dx' "TDeaths: pop=pop"
					local D = "`Dx'"
					}
				}
			if "`pop'" == "" {
				if "`deaths'" == "" { 
					tempvar pop
					qui ge `pop' = `radix'
					local P = "`pop'"
					qui ge `_Dx`t'' = ((`var`t''*$factor)/100000)*`pop'
					if `t'==1 { 
						tempvar Dx
						qui ge `Dx' = (_Rx/100000)*`pop' 
						label var `Dx' "TDeaths: pop=radix"
						local D = "`Dx'"
						}
					local noYLLx = "yes" 
					}
				if "`deaths'" ~= "" { 
					qui ge `_Dx`t'' = ((`var`t''*$factor)/_Rx)*`deaths'
					tempvar pop
					if "`rates'"~="" { qui gen `pop' = `deaths'/((`rates'*$factor)/100000) }
					else { qui gen `pop' = `deaths'/(_Rx/100000) }
					local P = "`pop'"
					}
				}
			}
		if "`allrx'"=="" {
			if "`pop'" ~= "" { 
				qui ge `_Dx`t'' = `var`t''
				}
			if "`pop'" == "" {
				if "`deaths'" == "" { 
					qui ge `_Dx`t'' = `var`t''
					if `t'==1 { 
						tempvar Dx
						qui egen `Dx' = rsum(`sclist') 
						label var `Dx' "TDeaths: pop=sum"
						local D = "`Dx'"
						local deaths = "`Dx'"
						}
					}
				if "`deaths'" ~= "" { 
					tempvar pop
					if "`rates'"~="" { qui gen `pop' = `deaths'/((`rates'*$factor)/100000) }
					else { qui gen `pop' = `deaths'/(_Rx/100000) }
					local P = "`pop'"
					}
				}

			}
		label var `_Dx`t'' "`var`t'': _Dx`t'"
		qui ge `_qx`t'' = (`_Dx`t''/`D')*_qx
*		qui replace `_qx`t'' = round(`_qx`t'',0.0001)
		label var `_qx`t'' "`var`t'': _qx`t'"
		qui ge `_dx`t'' = _lx * `_qx`t''
		label var `_dx`t'' "`var`t'': _dx`t'"
		qui ge `_Dxd`t'' = `D'-`_Dx`t''
		label var `_Dxd`t'' "TotDeaths - `var`t''"
		qui format `_Dx`t'' `_dx`t'' %6.0f
		qui format `_qx`t'' %6.5f


		tempvar zz xx
		qui egen `xx' = group(`A') if `touse'==1

		qui gen `zz' = sum(`_dx`t'')
		qui gen `Wx`t'' =.
		qui replace `Wx`t'' = `zz'[_N] if `xx'==1
		local Wx0`t' = `zz'[_N]
		qui format `Wx`t'' %6.0f
		qui replace `zz' = `_dx`t''
		local w 2
		while `w'<=$max {
			local f = `w' - 1
			qui replace `zz' =. in 1/`f'
		 	qui replace `zz' = sum(`zz')
			qui replace `Wx`t'' = `zz'[_N] in `w'
			qui replace `zz' = `_dx`t''
			local w = `w' + 1
			}
		qui ge `Fx`t'' = 1-(`Wx`t''/`Wx0`t'')
		local Wlst = "`Wlst' " + "`Wx`t''"
		local Flst = "`Flst' " + "`Fx`t''"
		qui format `Fx`t'' %6.5f
* l _lx `_qx`t'' `_dx`t'' `Wx`t'' `Fx`t''
		local lpd`t' = `Wx0`t''/`radix'
		local t = `t' + 1
		}
	tempvar sW sF 
	qui egen `sW' = rsum(`Wlst')
	qui gen `sF' = 1-_Surv
	local t 1
	while `t'<=`numvars' {
		tempvar sW`t' sF`t' 
		qui gen `sW`t'' = `Wx`t''/`sW'
		qui gen `sF`t'' = 1-`Fx`t''
		local sWlst = "`sWlst' " + "`sW`t''"
		local sFlst = "`sFlst' " + "`sF`t''"
		local t = `t' + 1
		}



* -----------------

* Geração de pontos definidores dos intervalos

		quietly {
			tempvar pm pmx
			gen `pm' = sum(`nyears')
			gen `pmx' = sum(`nyears')
			replace `pm' = `pm'/2 if _n==1 
			replace `pm' = (`pm'+`pmx'[_n-1])/2 if _n>=2 & _n<_N
			replace `pm' = `pm'-`nyears' if _n==_N
			tempvar linf
			qui gen `linf' = 0 if _n==1
			qui replace `linf' = `linf'[_n-1]+`nyears'[_n-1] if _n>=2
			replace `pmx' = `linf'[_n+1]
			replace `pmx' = `pmx'[_N-1]+((`pmx'[_N-1]-`pmx'[_N-2])) if _n==_N
			local lastyr = `linf'[_N] 
* noi di `lastyr'
			}

* Geração de variáveis para YLL

	if "`noYLL'"=="" & "`noYLLx'"=="" {

		local v 1
		while `v'<=`numvars' {
			tempvar PYLL`v' PEYLL`v' SEYLL`v' PYLL2`v'
			qui gen `PYLL`v''=.
			qui gen `PYLL2`v''=.
			qui gen `PEYLL`v''=.
			qui gen `SEYLL`v''=.
			local v = `v' + 1
			}


* Geração de PYLL (corrected for time lived in interval by those who died)

		if `pyll'>`lastyr' { local pyll = `lastyr' }
		local v 1
		while `v'<=`numvars' {
			local y 0
			local s 1
			while `y'<`pyll' {	
				local nry = `nyears' in `s'
				local dths = `_Dx`v''[`s'] 
				local upplim = `linf'[`s']+`nyears'[`s']
				if `upplim'>`pyll' { 
					local diff = `pyll'-`linf'[`s']
					local pmXX = `linf'[`s']+(((`linf'[`s']+`diff')-`linf'[`s'])/2)
					local dths = (`dths'/`nry')* `diff'
					qui replace `PYLL`v''= `dths'*(`pyll'-`pmXX') in `s'
					local guess = "yes" 
					local y = `y' + `nry'
					}
				if `upplim'<=`pyll' { 
					if `nry'==1 & "`yearmsg'"=="" {
						qui replace `PYLL`v''= `dths'*(`pyll'-`y') in `s'
						local y = `y' + 1
						}
					else {
						local pmXX = `pm'[`s']
						qui replace `PYLL`v''= `dths'*(`pyll'-`pmXX') in `s'
						local y = `y' + `nry'
						}
					}
				local s = `s' + 1
				}
			local v = `v' + 1
			}


* Geração de PYLL2 (uncorrected = C Murray)

		if `pyll'>`lastyr' { local pyll = `lastyr' }
		local v 1
		while `v'<=`numvars' {
			local y 0
			local s 1
			while `y'<`pyll' {	
				local nry = `nyears' in `s'
				local dths = `_Dx`v''[`s'] 
				local upplim = `linf'[`s']+`nyears'[`s']
				if `upplim'>`pyll' { 
					local diff = `pyll'-`linf'[`s']
					local dths = (`dths'/`nry')* `diff'
					qui replace `PYLL2`v''= `dths'*(`pyll'-`linf') in `s'
					local guess = "yes" 
					local y = `y' + `nry'
					}
				if `upplim'<=`pyll' { 
					qui replace `PYLL2`v''= `dths'*(`pyll'-`linf') in `s'
					local y = `y' + `nry'
					}
				local s = `s' + 1
				}
			local v = `v' + 1
			}


* Geração de PEYLL

 		local v 1
		while `v'<=`numvars' {
			local s 1
			while `s'<=`max' {	
				local expyli = _ExpYL in `s'
				local dths = `_Dx`v''[`s']
				qui replace `PEYLL`v''= `dths'*(`expyli') in `s'
				local s = `s' + 1
				}
			local v = `v' + 1
			}
	
* Geração de SEYLL (C Murray)

	stdexp

	local v 1
	while `v'<=`numvars' {
		local s 1
		while `s'<=`max' {	
			local dths = `_Dx`v''[`s']
			local first = `linf' in `s'
			qui replace `SEYLL`v''= `dths'*${E`first'} in `s'
			local s = `s' + 1
			}
		local v = `v' + 1
		}


* Geração de spop(pyll) popt

	tempvar spop popt
	qui gen `popt' = sum(`P')
	qui sum `popt' , meanonly
	local popt = r(max)
	qui cap drop `popt'


	qui gen `spop' =.
	local y 0
	local s 1
	while `y'<`pyll' {	
		local nry = `nyears' in `s'
		local pop = `P'[`s'] 
		local upplim = `linf'[`s']+`nyears'[`s']
		if `upplim'>`pyll' { 
			local diff = `pyll'-`linf'[`s']
			local pop = `pop' in `s'
			local pop = (`pop'/`nry')*`diff'
			qui replace `spop'= `pop' in `s'
			local y = `y' + `nry'
			}
		if `upplim'<=`pyll' { 
			qui replace `spop'= `pop' in `s'
			local y = `y' + `nry'
			}
		local s = `s' + 1
		}
	qui replace `spop' = sum(`spop')
	qui sum `spop' , meanonly
	local spop = r(max)
	qui cap drop `spop'

* Geração de SOMAS

	local v 1
	while `v'<=`numvars' {

		qui replace `PYLL`v''= sum(`PYLL`v'')
		qui su `PYLL`v'' , meanonly
		local pyll`v' = round(r(max),1)
		local rpy1`v' = (`pyll`v''/`spop')*1000

		qui replace `PYLL2`v''= sum(`PYLL2`v'')
		qui su `PYLL2`v'' , meanonly
		local pyll2`v' = round(r(max),1)
		local rpy2`v' = (`pyll2`v''/`spop')*1000

		qui replace `PEYLL`v''= sum(`PEYLL`v'')
		qui su `PEYLL`v'' , meanonly
		local peyll`v' = round(r(max),1)
		local rpey`v' = (`peyll`v''/`pop')*1000

		qui replace `SEYLL`v''= sum(`SEYLL`v'')
		qui su `SEYLL`v'' , meanonly
		local seyll`v' = round(r(max),1)
		local rsey`v' = (`seyll`v''/`pop')*1000


* l agelab `_Dx`v'' _ExpYL `PYLL`v'' `PEYLL`v'' `SEYLL`v''

		local v = `v' + 1
		}
	} /* end of if noYLL=="" */


* --------------------

	if "`noo'"=="" {

	if "`noYLL'"=="" & "`noYLLx'"=="" {
		di in gr "    "
		di in gr "  Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to specific causes of death"
		di in gr "  --------------------------------------------------------"
		if "$by"~="" { di in gr "  Results for group: `by' = " in ye `lab'  }
		di in gr "    "
		if "`allsct'"~="" {
			di in gr "  * PYLL(`pyll')"  _col(15) ": Potential Years of Life Lost until age `pyll'"
			di in gr "  * PYLL(`pyll')u" _col(15) ": PYLL(`pyll') uncorrected for time lived in x-x+n by those who die"
			di in gr "  * PEYLL " _col(15) ": Period Expected Years of Life Lost"
			di in gr "  * SEYLL " _col(15) ": Standard Expected Years of Life Lost"
			di in gr "    "
			}
		di in gr "  C. of death  |     PYLL(" in ye `pyll' in gr ")" /*
			*/ _col(36) "PYLL(" in ye `pyll' in gr ")u" _col(52) "PEYLL" _col(65) "SEYLL" 
		di in gr _dup(15) "-" "+" _dup(54) "-"
		local v 1
		while `v'<=`numvars' {
			local len = length("`var`v''")
			local len = 11-`len'
			di in ye "  " _dup(`len') " " "`var`v''" in gr "  | " in ye %12.0f `pyll`v'' _col(32) /*
				*/ in ye %12.0f `pyll2`v'' _col(45) in ye %12.0f `peyll`v'' /*
				*/ _col(58) in ye %12.0f `seyll`v''  
* _col(78) in ye %3.1f `seyl2`v''/`seyll`v'' 
			local v = `v' + 1
			}
		di in gr _dup(15) "-" "+" _dup(54) "-"

		di in gr "    "
		di in gr "    "
		di in gr "  Rates of Years of Life Lost"
		di in gr "  ---------------------------"
		di in gr "    "
		di in gr "  C. of death  |     PYLL(" in ye `pyll' in gr ")" /*
			*/ _col(36) "PYLL(" in ye `pyll' in gr ")u" _col(52) "PEYLL" _col(65) "SEYLL" 
		di in gr _dup(15) "-" "+" _dup(54) "-"
		local v 1
		while `v'<=`numvars' {
			local len = length("`var`v''")
			local len = 11-`len'
			di in ye "  " _dup(`len') " " "`var`v''" in gr "  | " in ye %12.4f `rpy1`v'' _col(32) /*
				*/ in ye %12.4f `rpy2`v'' _col(45) in ye %12.4f `rpey`v'' /*
				*/ _col(58) in ye %12.4f `rsey`v''  
			local v = `v' + 1
			}
		di in gr _dup(15) "-" "+" _dup(54) "-"
		di in gr "  * per 10^3 persons under `pyll' years: PYLL(`pyll') and PYLL(`pyll')u"
		di in gr "  * per 10^3 population members: PEYLL and SEYLL"
		di in gr "    "


		}
	if "`noYLLx'"~="" & "`noYLL'"=="" {
		di in gr "    "
		di in gr " * Estimates for Years of Life Lost (YLL) cannot be produced because"
		di in gr "   neither population structure -- pop( ) --, nor real number of"
		di in gr "   deaths for each strata -- deaths( ) --, were declared."
		di in gr "    "
		di in gr " * Without knowing whithin strata number of deaths, or information"
		di in gr "   allowing their calculation, p.ex., pop( ), it is not possible"
		di in gr "   to estimate YLL."
		di in gr "    "
		}
* ---------

		di in gr "    "
		di in gr "  Lifetime (at birth) prob. of death"
		di in gr "  ----------------------------------"           
		di in gr "    "
		di in gr "  C. of death  |        Prob."
		di in gr _dup(15) "-" "+" _dup(15) "-"
		local v 1
		while `v'<=`numvars' {
			local len = length("`var`v''")
			local len = 11-`len'
			di in ye "  " _dup(`len') " " "`var`v''" in gr "  | " in ye %12.5f `lpd`v''
			local v = `v' + 1
			}
		di in gr _dup(15) "-" "+" _dup(15) "-"
		di in gr "    "


* ---------

	if "`not'"=="" {

			di in gr "    "
			di in gr "  Multiple Causes Life Table(s)" 
			di in gr "  -----------------------------" 
			if "$by"~="" { di in gr "  Results for group: `by' = " in ye `lab'  }
			di in gr "    "

			local w 1
			while `w'<=`numvars' {
				if `w'<=5 { local q 1 }
				if `w'>5 & `w'<=10 { local q 2 }
				if `w'>10 & `w'<=15 { local q 3 }
				if `w'>15 & `w'<=20 { local q 4 }
				local spc = 8-length("`var`w''")
				local lstv`q' = "`lstv`q'' " + "`spc' " + "`var`w''"
				local lstD`q' = "`lstD`q'' " + "`_Dx`w''"
				local lstd`q' = "`lstd`q'' " + "`_dx`w''"
				local lstq`q' = "`lstq`q'' " + "`_qx`w''"
				local lstW`q' = "`lstW`q'' " + "`Wx`w''"
				local lstF`q' = "`lstF`q'' " + "`Fx`w''"
				local lstsW`q' = "`lstsW`q'' " + "`sW`w''"
				local lstsF`q' = "`lstsF`q'' " + "`sF`w''"
				local w = `w' + 1
				}


		local f 1
		if "`allsct'"=="" { local f = 2 }
		while `f'<=7 {	
			if "`allsct'"=="" & `f'>2 & `f'<6 { local f = 5 }
			if `f'==1 {
				local StrL = "Strata"
				local StrS = "Strata"
				local StrSpc = 0
				local gst = "Px"
				local st = "Dx"
				local gstl = "Population"
				local gvar = "`P'"
				local var = "_Dx"
				local fmt1 = "%12.0f"
				local fmt2 = "%10.0f"
				}
			if `f'==2 {
				local StrL = "Strata"
				local StrS = "Strata"
				local StrSpc = 0
				local gst = "qx"
				local st = "qx"
				local gstl = "Total Risk"
				local gvar = "_qx"
				local var = "_qx"
				local fmt1 = "%12.5f"
				local fmt2 = "%10.5f"
				}
			if `f'==3 {
				local StrL = "Strata"
				local StrS = "Strata"
				local StrSpc = 0
				local gst = "lx"
				local st = "dx"
				local gstl = ".Nr. Alive"
				local gvar = "_lx"
				local var = "_dx"
				local fmt1 = "%12.0f"
				local fmt2 = "%10.0f"
				}
			if `f'==4 {
				local StrL = "  Age"
				local StrS = "Age"
				local StrSpc = 2
				local gst = "Wx"
				local st = "Wx"
				local gstl = "Dths aft x"
				local gvar = "`sW'"
				local var = "Wx"
				local fmt1 = "%12.0f"
				local fmt2 = "%10.0f"
				}
			if `f'==5 {
				local StrL = "  Age"
				local StrS = "Age"
				local StrSpc = 2
				local gst = "Fx"
				local st = "Fx"
				local gstl = "Tot Pr Dth"
				local gvar = "`sF'"
				local var = "Fx"
				local fmt1 = "%12.5f"
				local fmt2 = "%10.5f"
				}
			if `f'==6 {
				local StrL = "  Age"
				local StrS = "Age"
				local StrSpc = 2
				local gst = "Wx"
				local st = "Px"
				local gstl = "Dths aft x"
				local gvar = "`sW'"
				local var = "sW"
				local fmt1 = "%12.0f"
				local fmt2 = "%10.5f"
				}
			if `f'==7 {
				local StrL = "`_dup(2) " "'" + "Age"
				local StrS = "Age"
				local StrSpc = 2
				local gst = "Sx"
				local st = "Sx"
				local gstl = "All causes"
				local gvar = "_Surv"
				local var = "sF"
				local fmt1 = "%12.5f"
				local fmt2 = "%10.5f"
				}


			local w 1
			while `w'<=4  {
				local lstv = "`lstv`w''"
				if "`lstv'"~="" { 
					if `w'==1 {
		if `f'==1 { di in gr "  Number of deaths (total and by cause)" }
		if `f'==2 { di in gr "  Global and cause-specific probabilities of death in interval" }
		if `f'==3 { di in gr "  Nr alive at age x and life table expected deaths by cause" }
		if `f'==4 { di in gr "  Life table expected number of deaths after age x (total and by cause)" }
		if `f'==5 { di in gr "  Cumulative distributions of deaths (total and by cause)" }
		if `f'==6 { di in gr "  Lifetime, and beyond age x, cond. prob. of death: Pr(Dth by cause|x)" }
		if `f'==7 { di in gr "  Probability of death after age x given death by cause (all & sp causes)" }
						local z1 = 1 
						local z2 = 2 
						local z3 = 3 
						local z4 = 4 
						local z5 = 5 
						}
					else {
		if `f'==1 { di in gr "  Number of deaths (total and by cause) [cont.]" }
		if `f'==2 { di in gr "  Global and cause-specific probabilities of death in interval [cont.]" }
		if `f'==3 { di in gr "  Nr alive at age x and life table expected deaths by cause [cont.]" }
		if `f'==4 { di in gr "  Life table expected number of deaths after age x (total and by cause) [cont.]" }
		if `f'==5 { di in gr "  Cumulative distributions of deaths (total and by cause) [cont.]" }
		if `f'==6 { di in gr "  Lifetime, and beyond age x, cond. prob. of death: Pr(Dth by cause|x) [cont.]" }
		if `f'==7 { di in gr "  Probability of death after x given death by cause (all & sp causes) [cont.]" }
						if `w'==2 { 
							local z1 = 6 
							local z2 = 7 
							local z3 = 8 
							local z4 = 9 
							local z5 = 10 
							}
						if `w'==3 { 
							local z1 = 11 
							local z2 = 12 
							local z3 = 13 
							local z4 = 14 
							local z5 = 15 
							}
						if `w'==4 { 
							local z1 = 16 
							local z2 = 17 
							local z3 = 18 
							local z4 = 19 
							local z5 = 20 
							}
						}
					tokenize "`lstv`w''" , parse(" ")
					local nargs : word count `lstv`w''
					local nspaces = 26+(11*(`nargs')/2)
					di in gr _dup(`nspaces') "-"
					if `nargs'==10 {
						di in gr _col(22) "`gst' "    /*
							*/ _col(33) "`st'`z1'"    /*
							*/ _col(44) "`st'`z2'"    /*
							*/ _col(55) "`st'`z3'"    /*
							*/ _col(66) "`st'`z4'"    /*
							*/ _col(77) "`st'`z5'"
						di in gr _dup(`nspaces') "-"
						di in gr _col(3) _dup(`StrSpc') " " "`StrL'" _col(10) "|   `gstl' "  /*
							*/ _col(28) _dup(`1') " " "`2'"    /*
							*/ _col(39) _dup(`3') " " "`4'"    /*
							*/ _col(50) _dup(`5') " " "`6'"    /*
							*/ _col(61) _dup(`7') " " "`8'"    /*
							*/ _col(72) _dup(`9') " " "`10'"
						}
					if `nargs'==8 {
						di in gr _col(22) "`gst' "    /*
							*/ _col(33) "`st'`z1'"    /*
							*/ _col(44) "`st'`z2'"    /*
							*/ _col(55) "`st'`z3'"    /*
							*/ _col(66) "`st'`z4'" 
						di in gr _dup(`nspaces') "-"
						di in gr _col(3) _dup(`StrSpc') " " "`StrL'" _col(10) "|   `gstl' "  /*
							*/ _col(28) _dup(`1') " " "`2'"    /*
							*/ _col(39) _dup(`3') " " "`4'"    /*
							*/ _col(50) _dup(`5') " " "`6'"    /*
							*/ _col(61) _dup(`7') " " "`8'"
							}
					if `nargs'==6 {
						di in gr _col(22) "`gst' "    /*
							*/ _col(33) "`st'`z1'"    /*
							*/ _col(44) "`st'`z2'"    /*
							*/ _col(55) "`st'`z3'" 
						di in gr _dup(`nspaces') "-"
						di in gr _col(3) _dup(`StrSpc') " " "`StrL'" _col(10) "|   `gstl' "  /*
							*/ _col(28) _dup(`1') " " "`2'"    /*
							*/ _col(39) _dup(`3') " " "`4'"    /*
							*/ _col(50) _dup(`5') " " "`6'"  
							}
					if `nargs'==4 {
						di in gr _col(22) "`gst' "    /*
							*/ _col(33) "`st'`z1'"    /*
							*/ _col(44) "`st'`z2'" 
						di in gr _dup(`nspaces') "-"
						di in gr _col(3) _dup(`StrSpc') " " "`StrL'" _col(10) "|   `gstl' "  /*
							*/ _col(28) _dup(`1') " " "`2'"    /*
							*/ _col(39) _dup(`3') " " "`4'"  
							}
					if `nargs'==2 {
						di in gr _col(22) "`gst' "    /*
							*/ _col(33) "`st'`z1'"  
						di in gr _dup(`nspaces') "-"
						di in gr _col(3) _dup(`StrSpc') " " "`StrL'" _col(10) "|   `gstl' "  /*
							*/ _col(28) _dup(`1') " " "`2'" 
							}
					di in gr _dup(`nspaces') "-"


					local s 1
					while `s'<=$max {
						if "`StrS'"=="Strata" {
							if "`label'"=="" { 
								local str = `xx' in `s' 
								local len = 6-length("`str'")
								}
							if "`label'"~="" { 
								local str = `Labv' in `s'
								local len = 8-length("`str'")
								}
							}
						if "`StrS'"=="Age" {
							local str = `linf' in `s' 
							local len = 6-length("`str'")
							}

						local Px = `gvar' in `s'
						local na = `z1'+(`nargs'/2)-1
						local r = `z1'
						while `r'<=`na' {
 							local Dx`r' = ``var'`r'' in `s'
							local r  = `r' + 1
							}
						if `nargs'==10 {
							di in ye _dup(`len') " "  "`str'" in gr _col(10) "| " /*
								*/ in ye `fmt1' `Px' /*
								*/ "  " `fmt2' `Dx`z1'' " " `fmt2' `Dx`z2''  /*
								*/ " " `fmt2' `Dx`z3'' " " `fmt2' `Dx`z4''   /*
								*/ " " `fmt2' `Dx`z5''  
							}
						if `nargs'==8 {
							di in ye _dup(`len') " "  "`str'" in gr _col(10) "| " /*
								*/ in ye `fmt1' `Px' /*
								*/ "  " `fmt2' `Dx`z1'' " " `fmt2' `Dx`z2''  /*
								*/ " " `fmt2' `Dx`z3'' " " `fmt2' `Dx`z4'' 
							}
						if `nargs'==6 {
							di in ye _dup(`len') " "  "`str'" in gr _col(10) "| " /*
								*/ in ye `fmt1' `Px' /*
								*/ "  " `fmt2' `Dx`z1'' " " `fmt2' `Dx`z2''  /*
								*/ " " `fmt2' `Dx`z3'' 
							}
						if `nargs'==4 {
							di in ye _dup(`len') " "  "`str'" in gr _col(10) "| " /*
								*/ in ye `fmt1' `Px' /*
								*/ "  " `fmt2' `Dx`z1'' " " `fmt2' `Dx`z2'' 
							}
						if `nargs'==2 {
							di in ye _dup(`len') " "  "`str'" in gr _col(10) "| " /*
								*/ in ye `fmt1' `Px' /*
								*/ "  " `fmt2' `Dx`z1'' 
							}
						local s =  `s' + 1
						}
					di in gr _dup(`nspaces') "-"
					di in gr _dup(`nspaces') " "
					di in gr _dup(`nspaces') " "
					}
				local c = `w' + 1
				local lstv = "`lstv`c''"
				local w = `w' + 1
				}
			local f = `f' + 1
			}



		} /* end of if not */
	} /* end of if noo */


	if "`gsc'"~="" {
		quietly {
			tempvar pm pmx
			gen `pm' = sum(`nyears')
			gen `pmx' = sum(`nyears')
			replace `pm' = `pm'/2 if _n==1 
			replace `pm' = (`pm'+`pmx'[_n-1])/2 if _n>=2 & _n<_N
			replace `pm' = `pm'-`nyears' if _n==_N
			tempvar linf
			qui gen `linf' = 0 if _n==1
			qui replace `linf' = `linf'[_n-1]+`nyears'[_n-1] if _n>=2
			replace `pmx' = `linf'[_n+1]
			replace `pmx' = `pmx'[_N-1]+((`pmx'[_N-1]-`pmx'[_N-2])) if _n==_N
			}
		local maxx = `pm'[_N]
		local uppx = ((int(`maxx'/10))*11)

* l `pm' `pmx' `linf' `_qx1' if `_qx1'~=.
		local k 1 
		while `k'<=`numvars' {
			qui format `_qx`k'' %5.4f
			qui su `_qx`k'' , meanonly
			local maxy = r(max)
			local step = `maxy'/10
			local maxy = (`step'*10)+(`step'/2)
			set more 0
			more
			set more 1
			if "`by'"~="" { local t1 = "t1(Subgroup: `by'=`lab')" }
				gr `_qx`k'' `pm' , c(l) s(o) sort `options' xlab(0(5)`uppx') /*
					*/ ylab(0(`step')`maxy') `t1'   /*
					*/ gap(8) b2(Age level) l1(q(x)i)   /*
					*/ b1(Risk of death due to cause `var`k'' [q(x)i]) 
			set more 0
			more
			set more 1
			local k = `k' + 1
			}

		local k 1 
		while `k'<=`numvars' {
			qui format `Fx`k'' %5.3f
			label var `Fx`k'' "`var`k''"
			local flist = "`flist' " + "`Fx`k''" 
			local cc = "`cc'" + "l"
			local s = substr("odp.odp.odp.odp.odp.",`k',1)
			local ss = "`ss'" + "`s'"
			local k = `k' + 1
			}
			if "`by'"=="" {
				keyplot `flist' `linf' , c(`cc') s(`ss') sort `options' xlab(0(5)`uppx') /*
					*/ ylab(0(.1)1) /*
					*/ gap(6) b2(Age level) l1(F(x)i) varlbl  /*
					*/ b1(Cumulative distributions of age at death [F(x)i])
				} 
			if "`by'"~="" {
				keyplot `flist' `linf' , c(`cc') s(`ss') sort `options' xlab(0(5)`uppx') /*
					*/ ylab(0(.1)1) varlbl /*
					*/ gap(6) b2(Age level [Subgroup: `by'=`lab']) l1(F(x)i) /*
					*/ b1(Cumulative distributions of age at death [F(x)i]) 
				}
			set more 0
			more
			set more 1

	local v 1
	while `v'<=`numvars' {
		qui su `sW`v'' , meanonly
		local maxy = r(max)
		local step = `maxy'/10
		local maxy = (`step'*11)+(`step'/2)
		qui format `sW`v'' %5.3f
		label var `sW`v'' "`var`v''"
		local vlabel : variable label `sW`v''
		if "`by'"=="" {
			gr `sW`v'' `linf' , c(l) s(o) sort `options' xlab(0(5)`uppx') /*
				*/ ylab(0(`step')`maxy') /*
				*/ t1(Lifetime (at birth and rest of life) probability of death by `vlabel') /*
				*/ t2(P(x)i = P(dth by cause | dth after x)) /*
				*/ gap(6) b2(Age level) l1(P(x)i) /*
				*/ b1(Probability of death by cause given death after age x)
			}
		if "`by'"~="" {
			gr `sW`v'' `linf' , c(l) s(o) sort `options' xlab(0(5)`uppx') /*
				*/ ylab(0(`step')`maxy') /*
				*/ t1(Lifetime (at birth and rest of life) probability of death by `vlabel') /*
				*/ t2(P(x)i = P(death by `vlabel' | death after x)) /*
				*/ gap(6) b2(Age level   [Subgroup: `by'=`lab']) l1(P(x)i) /*
				*/ b1(Probability of death by cause given death after age x)
			}
			set more 0
			more
			set more 1
		local v = `v' + 1
		}

			set more 0
			more
			set more 1

		local k 1 
		while `k'<=`numvars' {
			qui format `sF`k'' %5.3f
			label var `sF`k'' "`var`k''"
			local cc = "`cc'" + "l"
			local s = substr("odp.odp.odp.odp.odp.",`k',1)
			local ss = "`ss'" + "`s'"
			local k = `k' + 1
			}
			if "`by'"=="" {
				keyplot `sFlst' `linf' , c(`cc') s(`ss') sort `options' xlab(0(5)`uppx') /*
					*/ ylab(0(.1)1) varlbl /*
					*/ gap(6) b2(Age level -- S(x)i = Pr(dth after x | dth by cause)) l1(S(x)i) /*
					*/ b1(Survival probability conditional on cause of death)
				}
			if "`by'"~="" {
				keyplot `sFlst' `linf' , c(`cc') s(`ss') sort `options' xlab(0(5)`uppx') /*
					*/ ylab(0(.1)1) varlbl gap(6) /*
			*/ b2(Age level -- S(x)i = Pr(dth after x | dth by cause)  [Subgroup: `by'=`lab']) l1(S(x)i) /*
					*/ b1(Survival probability conditional on cause of death)
				}
			set more 0
			more
			set more 1

		} /* end of if grsc~="" */



	if ("`keep'"~="" & "`fake'"=="") | "`saving'"~="" {
		local v 1
		while `v'<=`numvars' {
			qui replace _qx`v' = `_qx`v'' 
			local lbl = "Pr(dying|x) for `var`v''"
			label var _qx`v' "`lbl'"
			qui replace _Wx`v' = `Wx`v'' 
			local lbl = "E(deaths) after x for `var`v''"
			label var _Wx`v' "`lbl'"
			qui replace _Fx`v' = `Fx`v'' 
			local lbl = "Cum Distr of deaths for `var`v''"
			label var _Fx`v' "`lbl'"
			local v = `v' + 1
			}
		}

end


program define stdexp
version 6.0
* Coale & Demeny (1989) West Level 26 Standard Expectation of Life values.
* Original data, as taken from C. Murray & A. Lopez, "The global burden of
*        disease", p. 17, had values for ages 0,1,5,10,15,20,...95,100.
* The values for other ages were estimated by average interpolation by Carlos
* Ramalheira (Aug 2000)


	global E0 = "82.50"
	global E1 = "81.84"
	global E2 = "80.87"
	global E3 = "79.90"
	global E4 = "78.92"
	global E5 = "77.95"
	global E6 = "76.96"
	global E7 = "75.97"
	global E8 = "74.97"
	global E9 = "73.98"
	global E10 = "72.99"

	global E11 = "72.00"
	global E12 = "71.00"
	global E13 = "70.01"
	global E14 = "69.01"
	global E15 = "68.02"
	global E16 = "67.03"
	global E17 = "66.04"
	global E18 = "65.06"
	global E19 = "64.07"
	global E20 = "63.08"

	global E21 = "62.10"
	global E22 = "61.12"
	global E23 = "60.13"
	global E24 = "59.15"
	global E25 = "58.17"
	global E26 = "57.19"
	global E27 = "56.21"
	global E28 = "55.23"
	global E29 = "54.25"
	global E30 = "53.27"

	global E31 = "52.29"
	global E32 = "51.31"
	global E33 = "50.34"
	global E34 = "49.36"
	global E35 = "48.38"
	global E36 = "47.41"
	global E37 = "46.44"
	global E38 = "45.47"
	global E39 = "44.50"
	global E40 = "43.53"

	global E41 = "42.57"
	global E42 = "41.61"
	global E43 = "40.64"
	global E44 = "39.68"
	global E45 = "38.72"
	global E46 = "37.77"
	global E47 = "36.83"
	global E48 = "35.88"
	global E49 = "34.94"
	global E50 = "33.99"

	global E51 = "33.07"
	global E52 = "32.14"
	global E53 = "31.22"
	global E54 = "30.29"
	global E55 = "29.37"
	global E56 = "28.46"
	global E57 = "27.55"
	global E58 = "26.65"
	global E59 = "25.74"
	global E60 = "24.83"

	global E61 = "23.95"
	global E62 = "23.07"
	global E63 = "22.20"
	global E64 = "21.32"
	global E65 = "20.44"
	global E66 = "19.59"
	global E67 = "18.74"
	global E68 = "17.90"
	global E69 = "17.05"
	global E70 = "16.20"

	global E71 = "15.42"
	global E72 = "14.63"
	global E73 = "13.85"
	global E74 = "13.06"
	global E75 = "12.28"
	global E76 = "11.60"
	global E77 = "10.93"
	global E78 = "10.25"
	global E79 = "9.58"
	global E80 = "8.90"

	global E81 = "8.36"
	global E82 = "7.83"
	global E83 = "7.29"
	global E84 = "6.76"
	global E85 = "6.22"
	global E86 = "5.83"
	global E87 = "5.43"
	global E88 = "5.04"
	global E89 = "4.64"
	global E90 = "4.25"

	global E91 = "3.98"
	global E92 = "3.71"
	global E93 = "3.43"
	global E94 = "3.16"
	global E95 = "2.89"
	global E96 = "2.71"
	global E97 = "2.53"
	global E98 = "2.36"
	global E99 = "2.18"
	global E100 = "2.00"


end



/*

collapsed years 93-98
 lifetabl  , s(gretar) p( pop) d( obtot)  by(sexo) ny(years) sc(AllOthr INF MENTAIS TUM SNC CIRC TRAUMA)



 egen AllOthr=rsum( END HEM RESP DIG GENUR DERM OSTEO CONG PER IND GRAV)

 lifetabl if ano==1993 , s(gretar) p( pop) d( obtot)  by(sexo) ny(years) sc(AllOthr INF TUM MENTAIS SNC CIRC TRAUMA)

 lifetabl if sex<3 , s(strata) r( Rx100000) by(sex) sc( Rx100 Rx10 Rx1) not allr

 lifetabl    , s(strata) d( deaths)  p(pop) not ny(years) sc( lungcan ihd motor allother) gsc
 lifetabl if sex<3 , s(strata) r(Rx100000) by(sex) grphs not
 lifetabl    , s(strata) r(Rxdiff) by(dgroup) ny(years) grphs not
 lifetabl    , s(strata)  d(diff) p(pop) by(dgroup)  ny(years)  gd not
 lifetabl  if dg==4 | dg==3 , s(strata)  d(diff) p(pop) by(dgroup)  ny(years)  gd not
*/