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Re: st: Replicating Poi's quaids command


From   "Brian P. Poi" <[email protected]>
To   [email protected]
Subject   Re: st: Replicating Poi's quaids command
Date   Wed, 04 Sep 2013 15:25:49 -0500

On 09/04/2013 08:26 AM, Cruz Angel Echevarria wrote:

To Whom It May Concern,

I would really appreciate some help on this. Running the following commands
to estimate a QUAIDS model

use food.dta, clear;
des;
quaids w1-w4, anot(10) prices(p1-p4) expenditure(expfd) nolog; estat
expenditure e*; summarize e_1-e_4;

I obtain the following output for expenditure elasticities

     Variable |       Obs        Mean    Std. Dev.       Min        Max
-------------+--------------------------------------------------------
          e_1 |      4039    .1742147     1.21937  -60.39818   .7226771
          e_2 |      4029    .7332107    .2953817  -8.625433   .9495344
          e_3 |      3996    2.008486     1.26706   1.133542   36.11684
          e_4 |      4047    2.292034    2.938157   1.211376   169.9647

However, running my own code to estimate QUAIDS model, I obtain the same
parameter estimates that Boid's procedure does. I interpret this as that the
nlsurquaids program I have written is OK. However, when I try to compute the
expenditure elasticities, I obtain different results. This makes me think
that I am not translating the theoretical formulae properly into Stata code.

My code follows:

cscript
#delimit;
set more off;
version 13;
drop _all;
clear matrix;
capture log close;
log using output.log, replace;
set memory 500m, permanently;
use food.dta, clear;
rename lnexp lnm;
des;
scalar a_0 = 10;

nlsur quaids @ w1 w2 w3 lnp1 lnp2 lnp3 lnp4 lnm,
   ifgnls neq(3)
   param(a1 a2 a3 b1 b2 b3 g11 g12 g13 g22 g23 g33 l1 l2 l3)
   title(     Example QUAIDS)
   title2(    4 goods)
   nolog;

matrix B = e(b)';
matrix list B;	

/* Scalars for parameter estimates */

scalar a1 = _b[/a1];
scalar a2 = _b[/a2];
scalar a3 = _b[/a3];
scalar a4 = 1 - a1 - a2 - a3;
scalar b1 = _b[/b1];
scalar b2 = _b[/b2];
scalar b3 = _b[/b3];
scalar b4 = 1 - b1 - b2 - b3;
scalar g11 = _b[/g11];
scalar g12 = _b[/g12];
scalar g13 = _b[/g13];
scalar g14 = 0 - (g11 + g12 + g13);
scalar g21 = g12;
scalar g22 = _b[/g22];
scalar g23 = _b[/g23];
scalar g24 = 0 - (g12 + g22 + g23);
scalar g31 = g13;
scalar g32 = g23;
scalar g33 = _b[/g33];
scalar g34 = 0 - (g13 + g23 + g33);
scalar g41 = g14;
scalar g42 = g24;
scalar g43 = g34;
scalar g44 = 0 - (g14 + g24 + g34);
scalar l1 = _b[/l1];
scalar l2 = _b[/l2];
scalar l3 = _b[/l3];
scalar l4 = 0 - (l1 + l2 + l3);

/* This produces the same estimates tan those obtained by running the
aforementioned quaids command */
/* ===== */
/* FOR ELASTICITIES                      */
/* ===== */

/* Preliminaries */

gen lnb = b1*lnp1 + b2*lnp2 + b3*lnp3 + b4*lnp4;

gen bindex = exp(lnb);

gen lna = a_0 + a1*lnp1 + a2*lnp2 + a3*lnp3 + a4*lnp4 +
          (1/2)*(
    g11*lnp1*lnp1 + g12*lnp1*lnp2 + g13*lnp1*lnp3 + g14*lnp1*lnp4  +
g21*lnp2*lnp1 + g22*lnp2*lnp2 + g23*lnp2*lnp3 + g24*lnp2*lnp4  +
g31*lnp3*lnp1 + g32*lnp3*lnp2 + g33*lnp3*lnp3 + g34*lnp3*lnp4  +
g41*lnp4*lnp1 + g42*lnp4*lnp2 + g43*lnp4*lnp3 + g44*lnp4*lnp4
              );

gen aindex = exp(lna);


/* INCOME ELASTICITIES */
gen mu1 = b1 + ((l1*2)/bindex)*(lnm - lna); gen mu2 = b2 +
((l2*2)/bindex)*(lnm - lna); gen mu3 = b3 + ((l3*2)/bindex)*(lnm - lna); gen
mu4 = b4 + ((l4*2)/bindex)*(lnm - lna); gen em1 = (mu1/w1) + 1;
gen em2 = (mu2/w2) + 1; 	
gen em3 = (mu3/w3) + 1; 	
gen em4 = (mu4/w4) + 1;

sum em*;

And this is the output that I obtain


     Variable |       Obs        Mean    Std. Dev.       Min        Max
-------------+--------------------------------------------------------
          em1 |      4039    1.556595    1.060537  -1.413979   37.93764
          em2 |      4029    .9256395    .1425985  -2.658406   2.997787
          em3 |      3996    .4810829    1.376963  -46.75089   4.259475
          em4 |      4047    5.482535    8.378185  -.6769157   437.3061


which clearly differs from the one above shown.


I would really appreciate any help on this.
Regards,
Cruz

Cruz,

I found two issues with your code, and one error in mine.  First,

scalar b4 = 1 - b1 - b2 - b3;

should be

  scalar b4 = 0 - b1 - b2 - b3;

since the betas should sum to zero, not one.

Second, you have

nlsur quaids @ w1 w2 w3 lnp1 lnp2 lnp3 lnp4 lnm,
   ifgnls neq(3)
   param(a1 a2 a3 b1 b2 b3 g11 g12 g13 g22 g23 g33 l1 l2 l3)
   title(     Example QUAIDS)
   title2(    4 goods)
   nolog;

This -nlsur- command is going to use the nlsurquaids.ado file that was shown in my 2008 Stata Journal article (assuming it was already installed).  However, that file has a_0 hardcoded as equal to 5.  So to get comparable results using -quaids- and your program, you must specify anot(5) and set your scalar a_0 = 5.

With those two changes to your code, we get much closer results.

The last error is in my code, and it only affects the computation of the expenditure elasticities.  There I forgot to include the factor of 0.5 that appears in the price index term.

I will get that fixed and in the "Software Update" section of the next issue of the Stata Journal.  That update will also have a new feature several users requested.  When you use the -estat- postestimation commands to get elasticities either at the variable means or else for a single observation in the dataset, those commands will now also return matrices containing the standard errors of the estimated elasticities.

   -- Brian Poi
      [email protected]

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